Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt
From the first unification under Narmer to the Roman emperors who inscribed their names in hieroglyphs — 230 rulers across 37 dynasties spanning nearly four millennia.
Predynastic
c. 3200–3000 BC
Early Dynastic
c. 3000–2686 BCFirst Dynasty
8
Second Dynasty
11
Hetepsekhemwy, Hotepsekhemui
2730 BC–?
Raneb, Kakau
?–2700 BC
Nynetjer, Banetjer
2700 BC–2660 BC
Unknown
Sened
?–2610 BC
2650 BC–?
Seth-Peribsen, Perabsen
2660 BC–2650 BC
Sekanefer, Neferseka
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Khasekhemui
2610 BC–2593 BC
Old Kingdom
c. 2686–2181 BCThird Dynasty
8
Fourth Dynasty
9Snefru, Snofru
2543 BC–2510 BC
Cheops
2509 BC–2483 BC
Djedefra, Djedefre
2482 BC–2475 BC
Khafre, Chephren
2472 BC–2448 BC
Menkaure, Mykerinos
2447 BC–2442 BC
2441 BC–2436 BC
Baefra, Baufre
2474 BC–2473 BC
Djedefptah, Ptahdjedef
Unknown
Djedefhor
Unknown
Fifth Dynasty
9
2435 BC–2429 BC
Sahure
2428 BC–2416 BC
Neferirkare I
2415 BC–2405 BC
Shepseskare
Unknown
Neferefre, Raneferef
2403 BC–2403 BC
Niuserre
2402 BC–2374 BC
Horikau, Ikauhor
2373 BC–2366 BC
Djedkare Isesi, Issi
2365 BC–2322 BC
Wenis, Unis
2321 BC–2306 BC
Sixth Dynasty
6
First Intermediate
c. 2181–2055 BCEighth Dynasty
17Netjerikare, Nitocris
Unknown
Menkare
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Seneferka
Unknown
Nikare
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Neferkaure
Unknown
Unknown
Neferirkare II
Unknown
Ninth Dynasty
5
Tenth Dynasty
2Middle Kingdom
c. 2055–1650 BCEleventh Dynasty
7
Twelfth Dynasty
8Amenemhet I
1939 BC–1910 BC
Senwosret I
1920 BC–1875 BC
Amenemhet II
1878 BC–1843 BC
Senwosret II
1845 BC–1837 BC
Senwosret III, Sesostris
1837 BC–1819 BC
Amenemhet III
1818 BC–1773 BC
Amenemhet IV
1772 BC–1764 BC
Sobekneferu
1763 BC–1760 BC
Second Intermediate
c. 1650–1550 BCThirteenth Dynasty
6
Fifteenth Dynasty
4Hyksos rulers.
Seventeenth Dynasty
2
Abydos (Thinite) Dynasty
4
New Kingdom
c. 1550–1070 BCEighteenth Dynasty
15
Amasis, Amosis
1550 BC–1525 BC
Amenophis I
1541 BC–1520 BC
Tuthmosis I, Thutmosis I
1520 BC–1492 BC
Tuthmosis II, Thutmosis II
1492 BC–1479 BC
Hatchepsut
1473 BC–1458 BC
Tuthmosis III, Thutmosis III
1479 BC–1425 BC
Amenophis II
1425 BC–1400 BC
Tuthmosis IV, Thutmosis IV
1400 BC–1390 BC
Amenophis III
1390 BC–1352 BC
Akhenaten, Akhenaton
1352 BC–1334 BC
Nefertiti, Meritaten
1334 BC–1332 BC
Smenkhare, Smenkare
1332 BC–?
Tutankhamon, King Tut
1332 BC–1323 BC
Aja, Aya
1322 BC–1320 BC
Horemhab, Haremhab
1320 BC–1292 BC
Nineteenth Dynasty
8
Twentieth Dynasty
10
Third Intermediate
c. 1070–664 BCTwenty-first Dynasty
7
Twenty-second Dynasty
10
Twenty-third Dynasty
5Late Period
c. 664–332 BCTwenty-fifth Dynasty
5
Twenty-sixth Dynasty
7
Twenty-seventh Dynasty
6First Persian Period (Achaemenid satrapy).
Twenty-eighth Dynasty
1Twenty-ninth Dynasty
5
Thirtieth Dynasty
3
Thirty-first Dynasty
3Second Persian Period (Achaemenid satrapy).
Ptolemaic
c. 332–30 CEArgead Dynasty
2Ptolemaic Dynasty
13
Ptolemaios Soter
305 BC–285 BC
Ptolemaios Philadelphos
288 BC–246 BC
Ptolemaios Euergetes
246 BC–222 BC
Ptolemaios Philopator
222 BC–204 BC
Ptolemaios Epiphanes
204 BC–180 BC
Ptolemaios Philometor
180 BC–145 BC
Ptolemaios Euergetes Physcon
Several non-consecutive periods
Ptolemaios Soter Lathyrus
Non-consecutive periods
Ptolemaios Alexander
Non-consecutive periods
Ptolemaios Neos Dionysus, Auletes
80 BC–58 BC
Ptolemaios Philopator II
51 BC–47 BC
Kleopatra, Cleopatra
51 BC–30 BC
Caesarion
44 BC–30 BC
Roman
c. 27–313 CERoman Emperors
17
Imperator Caesar Augustus
27 BC–14 CE
14 CE–37 CE
Gaius Caesar
37 CE–41 CE
41 CE–54 CE
54 CE–68 CE
Vespasian
69 CE–79 CE
79 CE–81 CE
Domitian
81 CE–96 CE
Trajan
98 CE–117 CE
Hadrian
117 CE–138 CE
138 CE–161 CE
161 CE–180 CE
177 CE–192 CE
193 CE–211 CE
198 CE–217 CE
Diocletian
284 CE–305 CE
Maximinus II
311 CE–313 CE